Embracing Participatory Public Governance in Brunei: A Step Towards Wawasan 2035

In a recent address at the Radisson Hotel, Dato Seri Setia Dr. Awang Haji Mohd Amin Liew Abdullah, Minister at the Prime Minister’s Office and Minister of Finance and Economy II, highlighted the significance of Brunei’s Economic Blueprint in achieving Wawasan 2035. 

 

He underscored Goal 3, which emphasises five key sectors—downstream oil and gas, food, tourism, services, and ICT—and identified six aspirations including good governance. 

 

This call to action provides a timely opportunity to explore the role of Participatory Public Governance (PPG) within the context of Brunei’s Malay Islamic Monarchy (MIB) principles.

 

Understanding Participatory Public Governance

 

Participatory Public Governance (PPG) is a governance model that emphasises the involvement of citizens in decision-making processes. It goes beyond traditional top-down approaches by fostering collaboration between the government and its citizens, ensuring transparency, accountability, and inclusivity. PPG empowers citizens to actively participate in the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of policies and programs that affect their lives.

 

The Necessity of PPG in Brunei

 

1.     Enhancing Good Governance: 

 

PPG is critical for enhancing transparency, accountability, and inclusivity in government. It allows for diverse voices to be heard, ensuring that policies are reflective of the people’s needs and aspirations.

2.     Fostering Economic Growth: 

 

By involving citizens in decision-making processes, PPG can lead to more informed and effective policies that drive economic growth. This aligns with Brunei’s focus on productive businesses, skilled individuals, and a globally connected economy.

 

3.     Building Trust and Social Cohesion: 

 

Active citizen participation builds trust between the government and its people, fostering social cohesion and unity. This is essential for achieving sustainable development goals and the aspirations of Wawasan 2035.

 

Implementing PPG within Brunei's MIB Framework 

Brunei’s unique governance system, deeply rooted in Malay Islamic Monarchy principles, can potentially integrate PPG while preserving its cultural and religious values. The following steps might help achieve this integration:

 

1.     Establish Citizen Councils: 

 

Forming citizen councils at various administrative levels could gather input and feedback on government policies and programs. These councils can represent different segments of society, ensuring diverse perspectives are considered.

 

2.     Promote Open Dialogues: 

 

Encouraging open dialogues between government officials and citizens through forums, town hall meetings, and digital platforms might serve as spaces for discussing issues, proposing solutions, and sharing information.

 

3.     Enhance Civic Education: 

 

Implementing civic education programs could raise awareness about the importance of citizen participation and equip citizens with the knowledge and skills needed to engage effectively in governance processes.

 

4.     Leverage Technology:  

Utilizing digital tools and platforms might facilitate citizen engagement, streamline feedback processes, and enhance transparency. E-governance initiatives can make it easier for citizens to access information and participate in decision-making.

 

Reflecting on the Legacy of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien 

Al Marhum Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien, the 28th Sultan of Brunei, reigning from 1950 until his abdication in 1967, was a visionary leader known for his contributions to participatory governance. He created the MIB philosophy, which remains the guiding ideology of Brunei. His reign was marked by a commitment to the welfare of the people and the promotion of inclusive governance.

 

Examining the Syair Perlembagaan Negeri Brunei 

The "Syair Perlembagaan Negeri Brunei", or the Brunei State Constitution Syair, is one of the greatest literary works in the history of the 1959 Constitution. Written by Al Marhum Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien (SOAS), this poetic work reflects his vision for a just and participatory governance system. It emphasises justice, inclusivity, and the importance of adhering to the principles of MIB.

 

Inclusivity and Consultation

 

“Semua rakyat menyambut cadangan,  

Bersuka hati mendengarkan rancangan,  

Rakyat menghadapkan segala keterangan,  

Menyokong cadangan menguatkan rancangan.”

 

These verses emphasize the importance of inclusivity and consultation in governance. By involving the citizens in the planning and decision-making process, Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien ensured that the governance was reflective of the people's needs and aspirations. This approach not only garnered public support but also strengthened the implementation of policies.

 

Transparency and Communication

 

“Perundingan negara seumpamanya,  

Di situ tergantung nasib rakyatnya,  

Sama ia baik mahupun buruknya,  

Akan di rasa oleh penduduknya.”

 

These lines highlight the significance of transparency and communication in governance. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien understood that the outcomes of government negotiations and decisions directly impacted the citizens. Therefore, it was crucial to keep the public informed about the benefits and costs associated with government policies.

 

Accountability and Perseverance

 

“Perundingan negara bukannya mudah,  

Hendaklah hati kuat dan tabah,  

Supaya maksud tiada berubah,  

Negeri dan rakyat dapat faedah.”

 

Accountability and perseverance are vital elements of good governance. These verses reflect the challenges faced in government negotiations and the need for strong and steadfast leadership. By remaining committed to the goals, the leadership can ensure that the nation and its people reap the benefits.

 

Collective Learning and Evaluation

 

“Sebelum diambil langkah muktamat,  

Dilantik komiti memberi maklumat,  

Pergi ke daerah ketemu rakyat,  

Mencari fikiran suara muktamat.”

 

This stanza underscores the importance of collective learning and evaluation. Before making final decisions, it is essential to gather information from various stakeholders and the public. This process of consultation and feedback ensures that decisions are well-informed and considerate of the people's opinions.

 

Risk Management and Experience

 

“Ilmu itu pelita hati,  

Dapat mengira untung dan rugi,  

Senang menduga saudara sebati,  

Panduan memilih elok dan keji.”

Knowledge and experience are critical for effective risk management in governance. These lines convey that wisdom guides the heart, enabling leaders to weigh the pros and cons of their decisions. By understanding the implications of their actions, leaders can choose the best course for the nation.

 

Planning and Adaptability

“Menjadi peta buat merancang,  

Mana berguna untukkan datang,  

Boleh dipinda mana yang kurang,  

Itulah sebabnya syair dikarang.”

Planning and adaptability are essential for sustainable governance. This verse illustrates the need for strategic planning and the flexibility to adapt plans as necessary. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien’s poetry serves as a guide for future generations, highlighting the importance of learning from past experiences and adjusting strategies accordingly. 

Islamic Perspective on Participatory Public Governance: The Syura System

The Syura system, deeply rooted in Islamic tradition, is a consultative body that plays a crucial role in governance. It emphasises mutual consultation (Syura) as a fundamental principle for decision-making, reflecting the inclusive and participatory nature of Islamic governance. The Syura system is already embedded in Brunei’s governance framework and might be strengthened to empower people’s participation. 

What is the Islamic Syura System?

The Syura system is an Islamic consultative process where leaders seek advice and opinions from knowledgeable and concerned individuals within the community. This system is based on the Quranic injunction:

"And those who have responded to their lord and established prayer and whose affair is [determined by] consultation among themselves, and from what We have provided them, they spend." (Quran 42:38)

The Syura emphasizes:

1.   Inclusivity: Ensuring that all segments of society are represented and their voices heard.

2. Transparency: Maintaining open and honest communication about decisions and policies.

3.   Accountability: Holding leaders responsible for their actions and decisions.

4.  Justice:  Ensuring that decisions are fair and equitable.

 

Strengthening the Syura System in Brunei

1. Formalizing Syura Councils: Establishing formal Syura councils at various administrative levels might institutionalize the consultative process.

2. Broadening Representation: Ensuring diverse representation within the Syura councils, including scholars, community leaders, and representatives from various societal groups, could be beneficial.

3.  Promoting Awareness: Raising awareness about the importance of the Syura system and encouraging active participation from the community might strengthen its role.

4.     Integrating Modern Tools: Utilising modern technology could facilitate the Syura process, making it more accessible and efficient.

His Majesty the Sultan's Commitment to Participatory Governance

Participatory Public Governance is indeed in line with the aspiration of His Majesty the Sultan. On 15 July 2004, at the relaunching of the Legislative Council (LegCo), His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzadin Waddaulah reiterated his call for the establishment of a committee tasked with reviewing the Constitution and laws of the country, so that they will truly align with the current challenges. 

He said the committee has identified the necessary changes to further strengthen the institution of monarchy and improve the effectiveness of the government's relationship with the people. 

These changes, he said, will enable us to best protect and preserve the interests of the people and the country. He underscored the importance of involving the people in the development of Brunei Darussalam. 

He said the re-establishment of LegCo was the beginning of creating a more formal consultation structure. It will add a forum for the channelling of opinions and views. His Majesty declared, in the Constitution:

"WHEREAS WE intend to govern in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution and the laws of Brunei Darussalam and, by progressive steps hereafter, to introduce further representative institutions into the government of Brunei Darussalam."

 

Integrating these Elements into Modern Governance

To integrate these principles of good governance into Brunei’s current system, the following suggestions might be considered:

1.     Institutionalize Inclusivity: Creating formal mechanisms for citizen involvement in policy-making could include public consultations, advisory councils, and community meetings. 

2. Enhance Transparency: Making government processes and decisions more transparent by regularly publishing reports, holding press conferences, and using digital platforms to disseminate information might be beneficial.

3. Strengthen Accountability: Implementing systems to hold government officials accountable for their actions could involve independent oversight bodies, performance reviews, and public reporting.

4. Foster Continuous Learning: Establishing feedback loops where policies are continuously evaluated and improved based on input from citizens and stakeholders could ensure that governance remains responsive and effective.

5. Prioritise Risk Management: Developing comprehensive risk management frameworks that incorporate knowledge and experience from various sources might help mitigate potential risks and enhance decision-making.

6.  Encourage Adaptability: Promoting a culture of adaptability within government institutions might encourage innovation and flexibility in policy implementation to address emerging challenges effectively.

Conclusion

Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien’s "Syair Perlembagaan Negeri Brunei" offers profound insights into the principles of good governance. By embracing inclusivity, transparency, accountability, collective learning, risk management, and adaptability, Brunei can potentially build a governance system that is robust, resilient, and reflective of its Malay Islamic Monarchy principles. As Brunei moves towards Wawasan 2035, integrating these elements into its governance framework might be crucial for achieving sustainable development and prosperity.

 

References : 

Participatory Public Governance - Pia Andrews

IPA, Pembangunan Strategik MIB 2015  – Dato Malai Ali Othman

Language and politics: connotative meaning analysis of “syair Pelembagaan negeri brunei” from the perspective of leadership characteristic of Muda Omar Ali Saifuddien - Fatimah Hj Awang Chuchu; Ismayah Binti Hj Mohd Noor Hj Sulaiman; Siti Khadijah Binti Hj Abd Salim University of Brunei Darussalam

 

Public Outcry Over Dismal State of Public Toilets in Brunei

By Malai Hassan Othman

 

Date: July 10, 2024

 

This time around, we want to talk about the toilet. The worsening situation of unhygienic and dirty public toilets in Brunei is making rounds, leaving people irked and frustrated.

 

 Public dissatisfaction over the appalling condition of public toilets in Brunei is mounting, with many citizens questioning the commitment of relevant authorities to address this pressing issue. From shopping malls to schools, the state of public restrooms has become a hot topic, sparking debates on social media and in local publications.

 

Despite the high percentage of people using basic sanitation services in Brunei—reported at 99.48% in 2022 by the World Bank—the reality on the ground paints a starkly different picture. The nation, which prides itself on its cleanliness and high living standards, appears to be grappling with a pervasive problem of poorly maintained public toilets.

 

Public Outrage and Health Concerns

 Concerned parents and citizens have taken to the opinion pages of the Borneo Bulletin and various social media platforms to voice their frustrations. "Worried Mum," a frequent contributor, highlighted the dire conditions in school restrooms. She recounted how her son developed a urinary tract infection due to his reluctance to use the filthy and foul-smelling school toilets. Her plea for immediate action from authorities resonates with many parents who fear for their children's health and well-being.

 

Another concerned parent, "Irked Dad," shared a similar experience, lamenting the persistent lack of basic hygiene amenities such as hand soap in a prominent shopping mall. "I visit this mall at least once a month, but the issue of unavailable hand soap persists. It irks me every time I use the toilets there," he wrote, emphasizing the need for better hygiene protocols.

 

Investigative Findings

 An investigative audit conducted by the Ministry of Finance and Economy's Tourism Services Standards revealed alarming statistics. Out of 50 public toilets inspected from January to June 2023, only one received a Grade A rating for meeting all criteria of cleanliness, design, amenities, and safety. The majority were found to be lacking, with 24 toilets graded B (meeting important needs), 18 graded C (requiring urgent repairs), and seven deemed unsafe for use.

 

Public Sentiment and Cultural Factors

 Public sentiment suggests that the root of the problem lies not only in the quality of cleaning services but also in the users' attitudes and behaviors. Cultural practices, such as the extensive use of water for cleansing, often lead to excessively wet and unhygienic conditions in toilets. Critics argue that while water cleanses, it also fosters an environment conducive to bacterial and fungal growth if not managed properly.

 

The debate extends to the comparison of local hygiene standards with those in neighboring countries. "All public toilets in Brunei, including shopping malls and schools, are disgusting. Compared to Miri and Limbang, Brunei is far worse," commented a frustrated citizen, calling for stricter standards and enforcement.

 

Toilet Tissue Usage in Brunei

 The growing demand for hygiene products in Brunei underscores the importance of maintaining clean public toilets. In 2024, the revenue in the Toilet Paper market in Brunei Darussalam reached US$7.90 million, with an annual growth rate projected at 3.09% from 2024 to 2029. Each person in Brunei generated revenues of US$17.34 from toilet paper consumption in 2024, and on average, each person is expected to consume 8.6 kg units of toilet paper this year. This surge in demand reflects the country's high standard of living and focus on cleanliness, further emphasizing the need for improved maintenance of public restrooms.

 

Calls for Action and Solutions

 In light of the growing outcry, several proposals have been put forth to improve the state of public restrooms in Brunei. These include implementing a small entry fee to fund maintenance, conducting regular spot checks by authorities, and integrating practical hygiene lessons into school curricula.

 

Some advocate for a return to traditional practices of involving students in maintaining their school environments. "Maybe we should start implementing a policy to have students clean the school toilets. This not only teaches responsibility but also promotes cleanliness," suggested a commenter on a popular social media thread.

 

Government Initiatives Stalled

 The government had previously acknowledged the issue and taken steps to address it. The Ministry of Primary Resources and Tourism, in collaboration with the SEAMEO Regional Centre for Vocational and Technical Education and Training (SEAMEO VOCTECH), conducted training programs on maintaining clean and hygienic public toilets from 2021 to 2023. The program aimed to raise awareness and provide best practices for effective toilet management among relevant stakeholders. However, there have been no recent initiatives or follow-up actions, raising questions about the government's commitment to this cause.

 

In April 2024, the Jawatankuasa Kebersihan Tandas Kerajaan dan Swasta (JKTKS) launched a public survey to gather feedback on the state of public toilets. Despite the survey’s closure in April, there has been no official feedback or action taken based on the results, leaving the public in the dark about any potential improvements.

 

Conclusion

 As Brunei aspires to achieve its Wawasan 2035 vision, addressing basic hygiene and cleanliness issues in public toilets remains a fundamental challenge. The collective effort of authorities, cleaning services, and the public is crucial in ensuring that Brunei's public restrooms reflect the nation's high standards and commitment to cleanliness. The ongoing dialogue and proposed solutions offer hope for a cleaner and healthier future for all, but the lack of recent initiatives and feedback from government surveys cast doubt on the effectiveness of these efforts. (MHO/07/2024)

Unveiling the Mental Health Crisis: Sultan Urges Immediate Action

July 7, 2024

 

His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah, the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam, emphasized the critical importance of addressing mental health issues affecting his subjects, particularly the younger generation, in his nationwide broadcast marking the start of the new Hijrah year 1446.

 

In his address, His Majesty underscored the growing prevalence of mental health problems in the nation, noting that over 11,000 individuals, both children and adults, are currently receiving psychiatric and clinical psychology treatment at Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital. He highlighted the necessity of strengthening and expanding existing mental health initiatives to combat this rising concern effectively.

 

Government's Efforts and Achievements

 

The Sultan commended the integrated efforts made by the government to tackle mental health issues. The Ministry of Health has introduced various measures, including the enactment of the Mental Health Order 2014, which laid the foundation for structured mental health governance. Additionally, hospital-based psychiatry and psychology services have been extended to selected health centres in the community.

 

In 2017, the Mental Health Strategy Unit was established within the Health Promotion Centre to focus on mental health and well-being promotion. Another significant step was the introduction of the national mental health helpline, Talian Harapan 145, in 2019, ensuring accessible support for those in need.

 

The Brunei Darussalam Mental Health Action Plan 2022-2025 represents a comprehensive approach to addressing mental health challenges. Developed through extensive consultations with various stakeholders, the plan includes four strategies, thirteen priority actions, and thirty-two activities aimed at strengthening leadership, improving mental health services, promoting mental well-being, and enhancing research capacity.

People's Perspectives

 

Despite these initiatives, the nation continues to grapple with the growing incidence of mental health issues. Public opinion suggests that economic stress, low wages, and limited entertainment options contribute significantly to mental health problems in Brunei. Some citizens have humorously pointed out the disparity between the lavish lifestyles showcased on social media and their struggles to make ends meet, highlighting the societal pressures exacerbating mental stress.

 

Others have raised concerns about the impact of dietary habits on mental health, advocating for greater education on the benefits of healthy eating and the risks associated with ultra-processed foods. The link between gut health and mental well-being is also noted, with calls for government action to promote better nutrition and impose taxes on unhealthy food and drinks.

 

Additionally, there is a rising concern about the younger generation's literacy regarding the importance of spiritual health and religion. Many citizens believe that the inadequate emphasis on these aspects is contributing to the mental health crisis. They wonder if the new education policy, which integrates religious education with general academics, will help address these issues. Moreover, questions are being raised about the effectiveness of moral education in schools and whether it is sufficiently comprehensive. Concerns also extend to parenting practices, with some pointing to inadequate parenting as a significant factor causing mental health issues in children.

 

Further compounding the issue is unemployment and the collapse of family institutions. The number of divorce cases in Brunei rose sharply to 593 last year, up from 409 in 2021, indicating a worrying trend. This increase is seen as a significant contributing factor to mental health issues, with the breakdown of family support systems exacerbating the crisis.

 

Unemployment remains a major concern, with the number of jobless individuals rising to 11,880 in 2023 from 11,445 in 2022. The situation is particularly alarming among graduates. On average, Brunei has had 15,184 unemployed persons annually from 2017 to 2023, peaking at 19,223 in 2018 and hitting a low of 10,956 in 2021. This persistent unemployment is significantly contributing to the mental health crisis, as financial instability and joblessness are key stressors affecting many individuals' well-being.

 

Conclusion

 

His Majesty's call to address mental health issues reflects a deep concern for the well-being of his people. The government's efforts, as outlined in the Mental Health Action Plan, signify a robust commitment to fostering a mentally healthy and resilient nation. However, the public's feedback underscores the need for ongoing dialogue and additional measures to address the root causes of mental health problems comprehensively.

 

As Brunei moves forward, the collaborative efforts of government, communities, and individuals will be crucial in creating an environment where mental health is prioritized, and all citizens have the support they need to lead fulfilling lives.

Brunei's Political Reform: Balancing Tradition and Modernity

Bandar Seri Begawan – Social media in Brunei is abuzz with discussions on political reform, highlighting the need to balance tradition with modern governance. As debates unfold, the unique political structure and deep-rooted traditions of Brunei come into focus.

 

Brunei operates under an absolute monarchy, with His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah serving as both head of state and government. The Sultan holds full executive power, including emergency powers that have been in place since the 1962 rebellion. The country's political system includes a Legislative Council (Majlis Mesyuarat Negara, MMN) with 36 appointed members, who only have advisory roles. Additionally, Brunei's governance includes the Executive Council, Privy Council, Council of Succession, Religious Council, and Council of Cabinet Ministers.

 

Central to Brunei’s governance is the concept of Malay Islamic Monarchy, or Melayu Islam Beraja (MIB). This principle, which integrates Malay culture, Islamic religion, and the monarchy, was formally recognized on Brunei's independence day on January 1, 1984. The MIB serves as the foundation for managing the nation’s affairs and guiding daily life in Brunei. It underpins all matters, especially those involving the government, ensuring that the country's cultural and religious values are preserved.

 

Another key aspect of Brunei’s governance is the Shura system, a concept from Islamic tradition that involves leaders seeking advice and input from the people to make decisions benefiting the broader community. This system is applied not just in government but also in daily life, ensuring everyone has the chance to express their opinions and contribute to decision-making.

 

The National Development Party (NDP) has been leading calls for political reform. During their recent congress, the NDP emphasized the need to restructure the political system to increase public participation. Their proposal includes creating a bicameral legislature with the existing Legislative Council acting as the ‘lower house’ and a new Royal Consultation Council as the ‘upper house’. They suggest increasing the number of elected members in the Legislative Council through free and transparent elections, aligning with His Majesty’s vision of a more inclusive public participation structure.

 

In this proposed system, the lower house would consist of members elected directly by the people, ensuring that they represent the citizens' views and concerns. Elections would be conducted transparently, empowering citizens with a tangible voice in governance. The Legislative Council would debate national issues, scrutinize government policies, propose new legislation, and ensure accountability. After thorough debate, the Council would pass resolutions, which would then be forwarded to the upper house for further deliberation and approval.

 

The upper house, the Royal Consultation Council, would consist of members appointed by His Majesty the Sultan. These appointed members would include individuals with significant expertise in various fields, ensuring that the upper house benefits from a wealth of knowledge and diverse perspectives. The Royal Consultation Council would review the resolutions passed by the Legislative Council, ensuring they align with Brunei’s national interests and cultural values.

 

Public debates have revealed a range of perspectives. Supporters of the monarchy argue for the preservation of tradition, often quoting the proverb "Biar mati anak, jangan mati adat" (better to lose a child than to lose tradition). Proponents of reform, however, believe that traditions must adapt to modern realities to ensure progress. The NDP has highlighted that establishing a representative governance system is the prerogative of His Majesty, stressing the importance of gradually introducing such bodies.

 

Critics argue that the current system lacks accountability and relies too heavily on a single ruler, making it difficult to ensure promises are kept. They advocate for a system where citizens can replace politicians and hold them accountable through elections. Concerns about religious fundamentalism in a people-led system have also been raised. Critics note that religious authorities in Brunei, under the monarch’s oversight, already influence governance. They argue that a democratic system might not necessarily lead to increased radicalism.

 

Economic struggles under the current system have fueled arguments for exploring alternative governance models. Reform advocates believe expanding representation to include more ordinary citizens could democratize governance and reduce the concentration of power among elites.

 

As Brunei moves forward, balancing tradition and modernity is crucial. Embracing change while preserving core values is essential for fostering a resilient, inclusive, and prosperous nation. The willingness of the public to engage in open discussions about political reform highlights the need for increased political awareness and participation. The NDP’s agenda for political reform, aligned with His Majesty’s vision, calls for a restructured parliamentary system that enhances public participation and accountability. Achieving meaningful political reform is integral to Brunei’s recognition as one of the world’s top nations by 2035.

 

The ongoing debate on political reform in Brunei highlights the nation’s quest to balance its rich traditions with the need for modern governance structures. Discussions emphasize the importance of mutual consultation, respect for human reason, and the inclusion of diverse voices in shaping the country’s future. As Brunei strives to achieve its long-term development goals, embracing political reform will be key to building a brighter and more inclusive future for all its citizens. (MHO/07/2024)

Scrutiny on Brunei's Labor Practices: Are Authorities Failing Foreign Workers?

Are the authorities in Brunei truly upholding the rights and welfare of foreign workers, or are they turning a blind eye to rampant exploitation and abuse?

 

This provocative question has taken center stage as talk on labor issues continues following the U.S. State Department’s recent downgrade of Brunei to Tier 3 in its annual Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report. This move, which could result in sanctions or reductions in U.S. aid, raises serious concerns about Brunei's efforts to combat human trafficking and protect vulnerable workers.

 

A Dark Reality Exposed

The TIP Report’s damning findings highlight significant failings in Brunei’s approach to human trafficking. For seven consecutive years, Brunei has reportedly not convicted a single human trafficker. Instead, allegations suggest that victims of trafficking have been punished through prosecution or deportation, compounding their suffering rather than providing necessary support.

 

Secretary of State Antony Blinken's message underscored the global crisis: "An estimated 27 million people are exploited for labor, services, and commercial sex worldwide." This exploitation often occurs in plain sight, with traffickers prey on the most marginalized individuals, forcing them to work in fields, factories, and homes under dire conditions.

 

Local Reaction: A Nation Divided

The downgrade has sparked a debate within Brunei about the treatment of foreign workers and the effectiveness of labor and immigration authorities. Recent public discussions reveal a stark contrast between the government's promises and the reality on the ground.

 

An opinion piece in the Borneo Bulletin praised recent enforcement actions against abusive employers but argued these efforts are insufficient. The writer, who frequently interacts with foreign workers, described the harsh realities many face, including excessive working hours, inadequate rest, and substandard living conditions. One shocking example involved an employer who proudly admitted to giving workers only one day off per month, a situation unimaginable for local employees.

 

Cultural and Structural Impediments

Brunei's cultural norms and hierarchical structures pose significant barriers to reform. The traditional respect for authority within families and workplaces often perpetuates outdated and harmful practices, making it difficult to advance human rights and labor protections.

 

In Brunei, respect for authority is deeply ingrained in both family and workplace settings. This means that questioning or challenging superiors is often discouraged, allowing harmful practices to continue unchecked. Workers may feel powerless to speak out against mistreatment, fearing retribution or believing they must obey their superiors. This deference to authority can prevent progress in promoting human rights and labor protections.

 

Critics suggest that a simple awareness campaign is unlikely to effect meaningful change. Instead, they call for reintroducing civic education in schools and enforcing harsher penalties for labor violations. Such measures, they argue, are essential to fostering a more just and humane society.

 

Critics believe that raising awareness alone won't solve these deep-seated issues. They recommend reintroducing civic education in schools to teach values of human rights, equality, and justice from a young age. This would encourage future generations to challenge unfair practices. Additionally, enforcing harsher penalties for labor violations, including significant legal consequences like imprisonment, is crucial. These steps are necessary to ensure that exploitation and abuse are not tolerated and to promote greater accountability and respect for all workers.

 

Official Response: Promises vs. Reality

In response to the growing criticism, the Labour Department has reiterated its commitment to enforcing employment standards as per the Employment Order of 2009. The department has urged workers to report mistreatment and has highlighted the potential penalties for violators, which include fines and imprisonment. However, the persistence of abuse allegations casts doubt on the effectiveness of these measures and the integrity of the enforcement agencies.

 

Call to Action: A Moral Imperative

As Brunei faces scrutiny over its treatment of foreign workers, there is an urgent need for comprehensive reforms. Foreign workers are integral to the nation's economy and infrastructure, and their rights and dignity must be upheld. The TIP Report should catalyze change, prompting the government and society to take concrete steps towards eradicating exploitation.

 

Conclusion: A Path Forward

Addressing the issues highlighted in the TIP Report requires a collective effort from all sectors of Brunei's society. Ensuring fair and humane treatment of every worker is not just a legal obligation but a moral one. With sustained commitment and genuine reform, Brunei can improve its international standing and, more importantly, the lives of those who labor within its borders. (MHO/07/2024)

Bruneians React to U.S. Trafficking in Persons Report

Brunei has faced criticism following the U.S. State Department's recent Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report, which downgraded the nation to Tier 3. Shared with countries like Sudan, this ranking positions Brunei as one of those making the least effort to combat human trafficking, potentially leading to sanctions or reductions in U.S. assistance.

Tier 3 countries are those that fail to meet the minimum standards set forth by the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA) and do not make significant efforts to comply, according to the United States. 

Secretary of State Antony Blinken, in his message to readers of the report, highlighted the global scale of human trafficking, stating, "Around the globe, an estimated 27 million people are exploited for labour, services, and commercial sex."

Brunei has not convicted any traffickers for seven consecutive years, according to the report, and has allegedly punished trafficking victims through prosecution or deportation. This assessment comes as a blow to Brunei, which was on the Tier 2 watch list in 2023, indicating that it was making efforts to address the issue.

The Brunei government has not officially commented on the report. However, public reaction has been swift and varied. Many citizens expressed frustration and disbelief over the report's findings. Some see the ranking as a wake-up call for the authorities to strengthen their measures against human trafficking, while others perceive it as politically motivated.

One commentator remarked, "This is a serious allegation by the U.S., but it also highlights the need for our law enforcement agencies to review and improve their procedures to effectively deal with human trafficking." Another noted, "The U.S. has zero credibility when it comes to human rights. Only brainwashed Zionists believe in them."

The National Development Party (NDP) of Brunei Darussalam also weighed in on the issue, expressing deep concern over the TIP Report's findings. 

The NDP stated, "We believe that the assessment provided in the TIP Report is overly harsh and does not accurately reflect the efforts and initiatives undertaken by Brunei to combat human trafficking. The absence of convictions over the past seven years does not equate to a lack of action or commitment from our authorities. It is crucial to recognise the complexities and challenges involved in addressing human trafficking cases, which often require extensive investigations and international cooperation.

The NDP acknowledged the need for continuous improvement and called for a thorough review of current practices and policies to ensure they align with international standards and best practices in victim support. They also urged the U.S. State Department to engage in constructive dialogue with Brunei, recognising the efforts made and offering support and cooperation rather than punitive measures.

The downgrade has sparked a debate within Brunei about labour and immigration issues. Some citizens pointed out the poor living conditions of foreign workers and the issue of runaway employees, while others criticised the U.S. for its perceived hypocrisy in addressing human rights abuses.

One resident remarked, "The U.S.'s condemnation of us for human trafficking is akin to calling the pot black." "They supply arms and money to countries that commit atrocities, but they judge us on human trafficking."

There is also concern about the implications of the report on Brunei's international relations and potential sanctions. "If the U.S. imposes sanctions, it could have serious repercussions for our country," a local businessman said. "We need to address these issues urgently and demonstrate our commitment to fighting human trafficking."

Despite the criticism, some Bruneians recognize that the report highlights a real issue that requires immediate attention. "We seriously need to get our act together and curb this matter urgently," one citizen stated. "I have great pity for the victims, many of whom are poor Bangladeshis seeking a better life."

As Brunei grapples with the implications of the TIP Report, it calls on both the government and the public to reflect on the country's efforts and strategies in combating human trafficking, ensuring that the protection of vulnerable individuals remains a priority. The NDP reaffirms its commitment to fighting human trafficking and ensuring that Brunei remains a safe and just society for all, calling on all stakeholders to join forces in this crucial endeavor. (MHO/06/2024)

TotalEnergies Exits Brunei with $259 Million Sale to Hibiscus Petroleum

    In a major development in the energy sector, French company TotalEnergies has announced the sale of its Brunei-based subsidiary to Malaysian oil and gas company Hibiscus Petroleum Berhad for $259 million. This deal, set to be finalized by the end of 2024, includes TotalEnergies' 37.5% stake in an important offshore oil and gas field called Block B.

    Block B, located 85 kilometers off the coast of Brunei, has been a key site for energy production since 1999. TotalEnergies has been producing around 9,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day from this field. The sale is part of TotalEnergies' strategy to focus on more promising assets and projects.

    For Hibiscus Petroleum, this purchase is a significant step forward. Dr. Kenneth Pereira, the Managing Director of Hibiscus Petroleum, expressed excitement about the acquisition, noting that it will significantly boost their gas production. This move brings Hibiscus closer to their goal of reaching a production of 35,000 to 50,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day by 2026.

    Public reaction to the news has been mixed. Some people see it as a smart business move that could lead to significant financial gains for Hibiscus. They point out that the potential earnings from the field could be substantial if production remains steady. However, there are also concerns about the future of the local employees currently working for TotalEnergies in Brunei. Some worry about job losses and changes in management style under the new ownership.

    Despite these concerns, many are optimistic about the future. The new investment from Hibiscus Petroleum could bring fresh energy and expertise to Brunei's oil and gas sector, potentially benefiting the local economy and job market.

    As we await the completion of the deal later this year, all eyes are on how this transition will unfold and what it will mean for the future of energy production in Brunei. MHO/06/2024